Odessa Oblast

Odessa Oblast
Odessa Oblast
Одеська область
Odes’ka oblast’
—  Oblast  —
Flag of Odessa Oblast
Flag
Coat of arms of Odessa Oblast
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): Одещина (Odeshchyna)
Location of Odessa Oblast (red) within Ukraine (blue)
Country  Ukraine
Admin. center Odessa
Government
 – Governor Eduard Matviychuk[1] (Party of Regions[1])
 – Oblast council 120 seats
 – Chairperson Mykola Leonidovych Skoryk (Party of Regions)
Area
 – Total 33,310 km2 (12,861.1 sq mi)
Area rank Ranked 1st
Population (2008)
 – Total 2,687,543
 – Rank Ranked 6
 – Density 80.7/km2 (209/sq mi)
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 – Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Postal code 65000-68999
Area code +380-48
ISO 3166 code UA-51
Raions 26
Cities of oblast subordinance 7
Cities (total) 19
Towns 33
Villages 1138
FIPS 10-4 UP17
Website www.odessa.gov.ua

Odesa Oblast, also written as Odessa Oblast (Ukrainian: Одеська область, translit. Odes’ka oblast’; also referred to as OdeshchynaUkrainian: Одещина), (Greek: Οδησσός) is the southernmost and largest oblast (province) of south-western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Odessa.

Contents

History

The evidence of the earliest inhabitants in this area comes from the settlements and burial grounds of the Neolithic Gumelniţa, Cucuteni-Trypillian and Usatovo cultures, as well as tumuli and hoards of the Bronze Age Proto-Indo-Europeans. In the 1st millennium B.C. the Milesian Greeks built colonies along the North Black Sea Coast, including the towns of Olbia, Tyras, Niconium, Panticapaeum, and Chersonesus. The Greeks left behind painted vessels, ceramics, sculptures, inscriptions, arts and crafts that indicate the prosperity of their ancient civilisation.

The culture of Scythian tribes inhabiting the Black Sea littoral steppes is represented by finds from settlements and burial grounds. There are weapon items, bronze cauldrons, other utensils, adornments. By the beginning of the 1st millennium A.D. the Sarmatians displaced the Scythians. In the 3rd–4th centuries A.D. the tribal alliance, represented by the items of Chernyakhov culture, was created. Since the middle of the first millennium the formation of Slavic people began. In the 9th century they were united into a state with Kiev as a centre. The Khazars, Polovtsy, Pechenegs were the Slavs' neighbours during the different times. The period of the 9th–14th centuries is reflected by the materials from the settlements and cities of Kievan Rus', Belgorod, Caffa-Theodosia, Berezan Island.

Formerly ruled by the Ottoman Empire, the territory of the Odessa oblast passed into Russian and Soviet hands in various stages between the eighteenth century and 20th century. The Russian Empire's expansion along the Black Sea coast led to the creation of the territory of Novorossiya, which was colonised by a variety of peoples, of whom the Russians were dominant. The Odessa oblast corresponds to the most westerly portion of "New Russia".

The oblast was created on 27 February 1932 as part of the Ukrainian SSR. It was expanded further in 1954 by absorbing Izmail Oblast (formerly known as Budjak region of Bessarabia).

Geography

The oblast occupies an area of around 33,300 square kilometres (12,900 sq mi). It is characterised by largely flat steppes divided by the estuary of the Dniester river. Its Black Sea coast comprises numerous sandy beaches, estuaries and lagoons. The region's soils are renowned for their fertility, and intensive agriculture is the mainstay of the local economy. The southwest possesses many orchards and vineyards, while arable crops are grown throughout the region.

Points of interest

Economy

Rapeseed Field in Odessa Oblast.

Significant branches of the oblast's economy are:

The region's industrial capability is principally concentrated in and around Odessa.

Demographics

The oblast's population (as of 2004) is 2.4 million people, nearly 40% of whom live in the city of Odessa.

Significant Romanian (6.2%) and Bulgarian (6.1%) minorities reside in the province.[2] There is a small Greek community in the city of Odessa.

Bulgarians and Moldovans / Romanians represent 21% and 13% respectively, of the population in the region of Budjak, within Odessa oblast.

Subdivisions

Detailed map of Odessa Oblast.

The Odessa Oblast is administratively subdivided into 26 raions (districts), as well as 7 cities (municipalities) which are directly subordinate to the oblast government: Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi, Illichivsk, Izmail, Kotovsk, Teplodar, Yuzhne, and the administrative center of the oblast, Odessa.

Raions of the Odessa Oblast
In English In Ukrainian Administrative Center
Ananyivskyi Raion Ананьївський район
Anan'yivs'kyi raion
Ananyiv
(City)
Artsyzkyi Raion Арцизький район
Artsyz'kyi raion
Artsyz
(City)
Baltskyi Raion Балтський район
Balts'kyi raion
Balta
(City)
Berezivskyi Raion Березівський район
Berezivs'kyi raion
Berezivka
(City)
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion Білгород-Дністровський район
Bilhorod-Dnistrovs'kyi raion
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi
(City)
Biliayivskyi Raion Біляївський район
Biliayivs'kyi raion
Biliayivka
(City)
Bolhradskyi Raion Болградський район
Bolhrads'kyi raion
Bolhrad
(City)
Frunzivskyi Raion Фрунзівський район
Frunzivs'kyi raion
Frunzivka
(Urban-type settlement)
Ivanivskyi Raion Іванівський район
Ivanivs'kyi raion
Ivanivka
(Urban-type settlement)
Izmailsky Raion Ізмаїльський район
Izmails'kyi raion
Izmail
(City)
Kiliyskyi Raion Кілійський район
Kiliys'kyi raion
Kilia
(City)
Kodymskyi Raion Кодимський район
Kodyms'kyi raion
Kodyma
(City)
Kominternivskyi Raion Комінтернівський район
Kominternivs'kyi raion
Kominternivske
(Urban-type settlement)
Kotovskyi Raion Котовський район
Kotovs'kyi raion
Kotovsk
(City)
Krasnooknianskyi Raion Красноокнянський район
Krasno-oknians'kyi raion
Krasni Okny
(Urban-type settlement)
Liubashivskyi Raion Любашівський район
Liubashivs'kyi raion
Liubashivka
(Urban-type settlement)
Mykolaiv Raion Миколаївський район
Mykolayivs'kyi raion
Mykolaivka
(Urban-type settlement)
Ovidiopolskyi Raion Овідіопольський район
Ovidiopols'kyi raion
Ovidiopol
(Urban-type settlement)
Reniyskyi Raion Ренійський район
Reniys'kyi raion
Reni
(City)
Rozdilnianskyi Raion Роздільнянський район
Rozdil'nians'kyi raion
Rozdilna
(City)
Saratskyi Raion Саратський район
Sarats'kyi raion
Sarata
(Urban-type settlement)
Savranskyi Raion Савранський район
Savrans'kyi raion
Savran
(Urban-type settlement)
Shyriayivskyi Raion Ширяївський район
Shyriayivs'kyi raion
Shyriaieve
(Urban-type settlement)
Tarutynskyi Raion Тарутинський район
Tarutyns'kyi raion
Tarutyne
(Urban-type settlement)
Tatarbunarskyi Raion Татарбунарський район
Tatarbunars'kyi raion
Tatarbunary
(City)
Velykomykhailivskyi Raion Великомихайлівський район
Velykomykhailivs'kyi raion
Velyka Mykhailivka
(Urban-type settlement)

Nomenclature

Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласний центр, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Odessa is the center of the Odes’ka oblast’ (Odessa Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Odessa Oblast, Odeshchyna.

See also

References

External links

Coordinates: 47°00′N 30°00′E / 47°N 30°E / 47; 30


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