Solemyidae

Solemyidae

Taxobox
name = Solemyidae



image_caption =
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Mollusca
classis = Bivalvia
subclassis = Cryptodonta
ordo = Solemyoida
familia = Solemyidae
familia_authority = J. E. Gray, 1840
subdivision_ranks = Genera and species
subdivision = See text.

Solemyidae is a family of bivalves in the order Solemyoida, the members are known as Solemyids [Powell A. W. B., "New Zealand Mollusca", William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand (1979) ISBN 0-00-216906-1] .They are remarkable in that their digestive tract is either extremely small or non-existent, and their feeding appendages are too short to reach outside the shell [Reid R. G. B. (1989) The unwhole organism. [http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/29/3/1133/ American Zoologist 29:1133-1140] ] .It has been shown that these clams harbour sulphur-oxidizing Bacteria intracellularly within their gill filaments. As chemoautotrophs, these bacterial symbionts synthesize organic matter from CO2 and are the primary source of nutrition for the whole organism [Cavanaugh C. M., Abbott M. S., Veenhuis M. (1988) Immunochemical localization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in the symbiont-containing gills of Solemya velum (Bivalvia, Mollusca). [http://www.pnas.org/content/85/20/7786 PNAS 85:7786–7789] ] . In turn, the animal host provides its symbionts a habitat in which they have access to the substrates of chemoautotrophy (O2, CO2, and reduced inorganic compounds such as H2S). Together, these partners create "animals" with novel metabolic capabilities.

Genera and species in the family Solemyidae

* "Acharax" Dall, 1908
** "Acharax alinae"
** "Acharax johnstoni"
* "Solemya" Lamarck, 1818
** "Solemya borealis" Totten, 1834
** "Solemya caribbaea" H.E. Vokes, 1970
** "Solemya grandis" A.E. Verrill & Bush, 1898
** "Solemya occidentalis" Deshayes, 1857
** "Solemya parkinsoni" E.A. Smith, 1874
** "Solemya patagonica" E.A. Smith, 1885
** "Solemya reidi" (syn. "Solemya macrodactyla") Rochebrune & Mabille, 1891
** "Solyema togata" Poli 1795
** "Solemya velum" Say, 1822

References

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