Internationalization Tag Set

Internationalization Tag Set

The [http://www.w3.org/TR/its/ Internationalization Tag Set (ITS)] is a set of attributes and elements designed to provide internationalization and localization support in XML documents.

The ITS specification identifies concepts (called "ITS data categories") which are important for internationalization and localization. It also defines implementations of these concepts through a set of elements and attributes grouped in the ITS namespace. XML developers can use this namespace to integrate internationalization features directly into their own XML schemas and documents.

Overview

ITS v1.0 includes seven data categories:

* Translate: Defines what parts of a document are translatable or not.
* Localization Note: Provides alerts, hints, instructions, and other information to help the localizers or the translators.
* Terminology: Indicates parts of the documents that are terms and optionally pointers to information about these terms.
* Directionality: Indicates what type of display directionality should be applied to parts of the document.
* Ruby: Indicates what parts of the document should be displayed as ruby text. (Ruby is a short run of text alongside a base text, typically used in East Asian documents to indicate pronunciation or to provide a brief annotation).
* Language Information: Identifies the language of the different parts of the document.
* Elements Within Text: Indicates how elements should be treated with regard to linguistic segmentation.

The vocabulary is designed to work on two different fronts: First by providing markup usable directly in the XML documents. Secondly, by offering a way to indicate if there are parts of a given markup that correspond to some of the ITS data categories and should be treated as such by ITS processors.

ITS applies to both new document types as well as existing ones. It also applies to both markups without any internationalization features as well as the class of documents already supporting some internationalization or localization-related functions.

ITS can be specified using global rules and local rules.

* The global rules are expressed anywhere in the document (embedded global rules), or even outside the document (external global rules), using the its:rules element.
* The local rules are expressed by specialized attributes (and sometimes elements) specified inside the document instance, at the location where they apply.

Examples

Example of ITS markup for the Translate data category:

The elements and attributes with the its prefix are part of the ITS namespace. The its:rules element list the different rules to apply to this file. There is one its:translateRule rule that indicates that any content inside the head element should not be translated.

The its:translate attributes used in some elements are utilised to override the global rule. Here, to make translatable the content of title and to make non-translatable the text "faux pas".

Sep-10-2006 v5 Ealasaidh McIan ealasaidh@hogw.ac.uk The Origins of Modern Novel

Introduction

It would certainly be quite a fauxpas to start a dissertation on the origin of modern novel without mentioning the Epic of Gilgamesh...

Example of ITS markup for the Localization Note data category:

The its:locNote element specifies that any node corresponding to the XPath expression "//msg/data" has an associated note. The location of that note is expressed by the locNotePointer attribute, which holds a relative XPath expression pointing to the node where the note is, here ="../notes".

Note also the use of the its:translate attribute to mark the notes elements as non-translatable.

Indicates that the resource file {0} could not be loaded. Cannot find the file {0}. A division by 0 was going to be computed. Invalid parameter.

ITS limitations

ITS does not have a solution to all XML internationalization and localization issues.

One reason is that the version 1.0 does not have data categories for everything. For example, there is currently no way to indicate a relation source/target in bilingual files where some parts of a document store the source text and some other parts the corresponding translation.

The other reason is that many aspects of internationalization cannot be resolved with a markup. They have to do with the design of the DTD or the schema itself. There are [http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-i18n-bp/ best practices, design and authoring guidelines] that are necessary to follow to make sure documents are correctly internationalized and easy to localize. For example, using attributes to store translatable text is a bad idea for many different reasons, but ITS cannot prevent an XML developer to make such choice.

External links

* [http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-its-20070403/ Internationalization Tag Set (ITS) Version 1.0]
* [http://www.w3.org/International/ W3C Internationalization Home]
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-xml-i18n-bp-20070427/ Best Practices for XML Internaltionalization (Working Draft)]
* [http://www.w3.org/International/its/links.html List of ITS implementations and articles about ITS]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Internationalization Tag Set — Die Spezifikation Internationalization Tag Set (ITS) ist eine Menge von Attributen und Elementen, um Internationalisierung und Lokalisierung in XML Dokumenten zu unterstützen. Die ITS Spezifikation identifiziert Konzepte, „ITS data categories“… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Internationalization Tag Set — ITS (Internationalization Tag Set) est un jeu d éléments et d attributs conçu pour faciliter l internationalisation et la localisation des documents XML. La norme ITS identifie des concepts importants pour l internationalisation et la… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library — The JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library (JSTL), is a component of the Java EE Web application development platform. It extends the JSP specification by adding a tag library of JSP tags for common tasks, such as XML data processing, conditional… …   Wikipedia

  • ODD (Text Encoding Initiative) — ODD stands for One Document Does it all . Part of the Text Encoding Initiative, it is an XML based format for writing human readable descriptions of XML files.[1][2] ODD allows its users to customize the P5 version of the TEI XML formats by… …   Wikipedia

  • ITS — ITS, it s or its can mean:* its , the possessive adjective and possessive pronoun form of the personal pronoun it * it s , a contraction of it is or it has * The It s man, a man with torn clothes and unkempt beard who appeared at the beginning of …   Wikipedia

  • Okapi Framework — Okapi Rainbow s main window Stable release M11 / April 2 …   Wikipedia

  • ITS — Die Abkürzung ITS steht für: Identität, Tradition, Souveränität, eine ehemalige Fraktion im Europäischen Parlament Incompatible Timesharing System Inflatable Tubular Structure, ein von BMW verwendeter Kopfairbag iTunes Store, ehemal. iTunes Music …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • ITS — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom.   Sigles d’une seule lettre   Sigles de deux lettres > Sigles de trois lettres   Sigles de quatre lettres …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Trados — war ein Unternehmen, das Anwendungssoftware zur rechnergestützten Übersetzung herstellte und vermarktete. Die proprietäre Anwendungssuite des Unternehmens (bzw. deren Nachfolge) ist die marktführende Software für diesen Anwendungsbereich.… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • JavaServer Pages — (JSP) is a Java technology that allows software developers to dynamically generate HTML, XML or other types of documents in response to a Web client request. The technology allows Java code and certain pre defined actions to be embedded into… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”