Chinese classic herbal formula

Chinese classic herbal formula

Chinese classic herbal formulas (Chinese: 经方) are a form of Chinese herbology, where herbs are combined for greater efficiency, compared to individual herbs. They are the basic herbal formulas that students of Traditional Chinese medicine learn. Later these students will adapt these classic formulas to match the needs of each patient.

Contents

History

Many of these formulas were created by the pioneers of Chinese medicine and are quite old. For example, "Liu Wei Di Huang Wan" (六味地黄丸 liùwèi dìhuáng wán) was developed by Qian Yi (钱乙 Qián Yǐ) (c. 1032-1113 CE). It was published in the "Xiao'er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue" (also known as "Key to Therapeutics of Children's Diseases" 小儿药证直诀 xiǎoér yào zhèng zhí jué) in 1119 by Qian Yi's student. [1]

Modern Usage

Many of these formulas are still made in the form of Chinese patent medicine. These formulas are also used in kampo (traditional Japanese medicine). In Japan, herbalists do not create medicine for each patient. Instead the herbalist will choose an herbal formula that has been standardized by the Japanese government. These formulas are based on the Chinese classic herbal formulas. They often vary slightly, however. Sometimes Chinese plants are substituted for plants found in Japan, or the proportions of the formula are changed slightly.

Chinese classic herbal formula list

There are hundreds of Chinese classic herbal formulas. Many are slight variations of other formulas, however. It is difficult to define which of these formulas are the most common. The two leading brands to export Chinese classic herbal formulas in the form of Chinese patent medicine from China are Mín Shān (岷山) and Plum Flower (梅花). Some of these formulas are made by these 2 brands.

Title English Chinese (S) Chinese (T) Pinyin
Anmian Pian Peaceful Sleep Pills 安眠片 安眠片 ānmián piàn
Anshen Buxin Wan[1] Calm Spirit Tonify Heart Pills 安神补心丸 安神補心丸 ānshén bǔxīn wán
Anshui Wan Calm Sleep Pills 安睡丸 安睡丸 ānshuì wán
Baihe Gujin Wan Lilium Teapills 百合固金丸 百合固金丸 bǎihé gùjīn wán
Baihu Tang Wan White Tiger Teapills 白虎汤丸 白虎湯丸 báihǔ tāng wán
Baixing Shigan Wan 白杏石甘丸 白杏石甘丸 báixìng shígān wán
Baizi Yangxin Wan 柏子养心丸 柏子養心丸 bǎizǐ yǎngxīn wán
Baji Yinyang Wan 巴戟阴阳丸 巴戟陰陽丸 bājǐ yīnyáng wán
Banxia Houpo Wan Pinellia & Magnolia Teapills 半夏厚朴丸 半夏厚樸丸 bànxià hòupō wán
Baohe Wan Preserve Harmony Pill 保和丸 保和丸 bǎohé wán
Bazheng Wan Eight-Herb Formula For Rectification Teapills 八珍丸 八珍丸 bāzhèng wán
Bi Mingan Wan Pe Min Kan Wan 鼻敏感丸 鼻敏感丸 bí mǐngǎn wán
Bixie Fenqing Wan 萆薢分清丸 萆薢分清丸 bìxiè fēnqīng wán
Bixie Shengshi Wan Subdue The Dampness Teapills 萆懈胜湿丸 萆懈勝濕丸 bìxiè shèngshī wán
Biyan Pian 鼻炎片 鼻炎片 bíyán piàn
Bufei Wan 补肺丸 補肺丸 bǔfèi wán
Bunao Pian 补脑片 補腦片 bǔnǎo piàn
Buyang Huanwu Wan Great Yang Restoration Teapills 补阳还五丸 補陽還五丸 bǔyáng huánwǔ wán
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Wan Tonify the Middle Augment the Qi Pill 补中益气丸 補中益氣丸 bǔ zhōng yì qì wán
Cangerzi Wan Upper Chamber Teapills 苍耳子丸 蒼耳子丸 cāngěrzǐ wán
Chaihu Longgu Muli Wan Bupleurum Dragonbone Oystershell Teapills 柴胡龙骨牡蛎丸 柴胡龍骨牡蠣丸 cháihú lónggǔ mǔlì wán
Chaihu Shugan Wan Bupleurum Sooth Liver Teapills 柴胡舒肝丸 柴胡舒肝丸 cháihú shūgān wán
Chenxiang Huaqi Wan Aquilaria Pills 沉香化气丸 沉香化氣丸 chénxiāng huàqì wán
Chuanxinlian Pian 穿心莲片 穿心蓮片 chuānxīnlián piàn
Chuanxiong Wan Ligusticum Teapills 川芎丸 川芎丸 chuānxiōng wán
Congrong Bushen Wan 苁蓉补肾丸 蓯蓉補腎丸 cōngróng bǔshèn wán
Dabuyin Wan Abundant Yin Teapills 大补阴丸 大補陰丸 dàbǔyīn wán
Dachaihu Wan Major Bupleurum Teapills 大柴胡丸 大柴胡丸 dàcháihú wán
Dahuang Jiangzhi Wan Rhubarb Teapills 大黄降脂丸 大黃降脂丸 dàhuáng jiàngzhī wán
Danshen Huoxue Wan Quell the Surface Teapills 丹参活血丸 丹參活血丸 dānshēn huóxuè wán
Danshen Yin Wan Salvia Teapills 丹参饮丸 丹參飲丸 dānshēn yǐn wán
Danggui Jing Tang Kwei Gin 当归精 當歸精 dāngguī jīng
Danggui Sini Tang Wan 当归四逆丸 當歸四逆丸 dāngguī sìnì wán
Danggui Su Wan Angelica Dang Gui Pills 当归素丸 當歸素丸 dāngguī sù wán
Danggui Wan Angelica Dang Gui Teapills 当归丸 當歸丸 dāngguī wán
Danggui Yinzi Wan Nourish the Surface Teapills 当归饮子丸 當歸飲子丸 dāngguī yǐnzǐ wán
Daochi Wan Red Door Teapills 导赤丸 導赤丸 dǎochì wán
Dingchuan Wan Clear Mountain Air Teapills 定喘丸 定喘丸 dìngchuǎn wán
Duhuo Jisheng Wan Solitary Hermit Teapills 独活寄生丸 獨活寄生丸 dúhuó jìshēng wán
Duzhong Pian Eucommia Combination Tablets 杜仲片 杜仲片 dùzhòng piàn
Erchen Wan Two Aged Pill 二陈丸 二陳丸 èrchén wán
Erlong Zuoci Wan 耳聋左慈丸 耳聾左慈丸 ěrlóng zuǒcí wán
Er Xian Tang Wan Two Immortals Teapills 二仙汤丸 二仙湯丸 èr xiān tāng wán
Fangfeng Tongsheng Wan Ledebouriella Sagely Unblocks Teapills 防风通圣丸 防風通圣丸 fángfēng tōngshèng wán
Fang Ji Huang Qi Wan Stephania & Astragalus Teapills 防己黄耆丸 防己黃耆丸 fáng jǐ huáng qí wán
Fufang Zhenzhu Anchuang Wan Margarite Acne Pills 复方珍珠暗疮丸 復方珍珠暗瘡丸 fùfāng zhēnzhū ànchuāng wán
Fuke Tongjing Wan Calm In The Sea Of Life Teapills 妇科通经丸 婦科通經丸 fùkē tōngjīng wán
Fuke Zhongzi Wan 妇科种子丸 婦科種子丸 fùkē zhǒngzǐ wán
Fuzi Lizhong Wan 附子理中丸 附子理中丸 fùzǐ lǐzhōng wán
Ganmai Dazao Wan Calm Spirit Teapills 甘麦大枣丸 甘麥大棗丸 gānmài dàzǎo wán
Ganmao Ling 感冒灵 感冒靈 gǎnmào líng
Gegen Wan Kudzu Teapills 葛根丸 葛根丸 gégēn wán
Gejie Dabu Wan Gecko Great Tonic Teapills 隔界大补丸 隔界大補丸 géjiè dàbǔ wán
Gexia Zhuyu Wan Stasis In The Lower Chamber Teapills 膈下逐瘀丸 膈下逐瘀丸 géxià zhúyū wán
Gou pi gao Dog Skin Plaster 狗皮膏 狗皮膏 gou pi gao
Guben Wan 固本丸 固本丸 gùběn wán
Guanjieyan Wan Joint Inflammation Teapills 关节炎丸 關節炎丸 guānjiéyán wán
Guipi Wan Restore/Return to the Spleen Pill 归脾丸 歸脾丸 guīpí wán
Guiling Gao [2] 龟苓膏 龜苓膏 guīlíng gāo
Guizhi Fuling Wan Cinnamon & Poria Teapills 桂枝茯苓丸 桂枝茯苓丸 guìzhī fúlíng wán
Guizhi Tang Wan Cinnamon Twig Teapills 桂枝汤丸 桂枝湯丸 guìzhī tāng wán
Haima Wan Sea Horse Combination 海马丸 海馬丸 hǎimǎ wán
Huashe Jieyang Wan 花蛇解痒丸 花蛇解癢丸 huāshé jiěyǎng wán
Hua Zhi Ling Wan Fargelin Pills 化痔灵丸 化痔靈丸 huà zhì líng wán
Huaijiao Wan Sophora Japonica Teapills 槐角丸 槐角丸 huáijiǎo wán
Huanshao Dan Return To Spring Teapills 还少丹 還少丹 huánshǎo dān
Huanglian Jiedu Wan 黄连解毒丸 黃連解毒丸 huánglián jiědú wán
Huanglian Shangqing Wan[3] Huang Lian Shang Ching Wan 黄连上清丸 黃連上清丸 huánglián shàngqīng wán
Huanglian Su Wan Coptis Teapills 黄连素丸 黃連素丸 huánglián sù wán
Huoluo Xiaoling Wan Red Vessel Teapills 活络效灵丸 活絡效靈丸 huóluò xiàolíng wán
Huoxiang Zhengqi Shui 藿香正气水 藿香正氣水 huòxiāng zhèngqì shuǐ
Jiangya Pian 降压片 降壓片 jiàngyā piàn
Jianpi Wan[4] Pill for Invigorating the Spleen 健脾丸 健脾丸 jiànpí wán
Jiaogulan Wan Panta Teapills 胶股兰丸 膠股蘭丸 jiāogǔlán wán
Jiawei Xiaoyao Wan Free & Easy Wanderer Plus Teapills 加味逍遥丸 加味逍遙丸 jiāwèi xiāoyáo wán
Jiegeng Wan Pladycodon Teapills 桔梗丸 桔梗丸 jiégěng wán
Jiejie Wan (Kai Kit Wan) Reduce Prostate Swelling Pills 解结丸 解結丸 jiějié wán
Jigucao Pian 鸡骨草片 雞骨草片 jīgǔcǎo piàn
Jingu Dieshang Wan Great Mender Teapills 筋骨跌伤丸 筋骨跌傷丸 jīngǔ diēshāng wán
Jingui Shenqi Wan Golden Book Teapills 金柜肾气丸 金柜腎氣丸 jīnguì shènqì wán
Jinsuo Gujing Wan Golden Lock Teapills 金锁固精丸 金鎖固精丸 jīnsuǒ gùjīng wán
Jingfang Baidu Wan Release The Exterior Teapills 荆放败毒丸 荊放敗毒丸 jīngfàng bàidú wán
Jisheng Juhe Wan 济生橘核丸 濟生橘核丸 jìshēng júhé wán
Juanbi Wan Clear Channels Teapills 蠲痹丸 蠲痹丸 juānbì wán
Kanggu Zengsheng Wan Bone and Tendon Pills 抗骨增生丸 抗骨增生丸 kànggǔ zēngshēng wán
Kangning Wan Curing Pills 康宁丸 康寧丸 kāngníng wán
Liangqe Wan Cool Valley Teapills 凉膈丸 涼膈丸 liánggé wán
Lianqiao Baidu Pian 连翘败毒片 連翹敗毒片 liánqiáo bàidú piàn
Lidan Paishi Pian 利胆排石片 利膽排石片 lìdǎn páishí piàn
Lifei Pian 利肺片 利肺片 lìfèi piàn
Liujunzi Wan Six Gentlemen Teapills 六君子丸 六君子丸 liùjūnzǐ wán
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan Six Flavor Teapills 六味地黄丸 六味地黃丸 liùwèi dìhuáng wán
Longdan Xiegan Wan Snake & The Dragon Teapills 龙胆泻肝丸 龍膽瀉肝丸 lóngdǎn xiègān wán
Luobuma Pian 罗布麻片 羅布麻片 luóbùmá piàn
Mahuang Tang Wan Ephedra Decoction Pill 麻黄汤丸 麻黃湯丸 máhuáng tāng wán
Maiwei Dihuang Wan[5] Eight Immortals Teapills 麦味地黄丸 麥味地黃丸 màiwèi dìhuáng wán
Maziren Wan 麻子仁丸 麻子仁丸 mázǐrén wán
Mingmu Dihuang Wan 明目地黄丸 明目地黃丸 míngmù dìhuáng wán
Muxiang Shunqi Wan 木香顺气丸 木香順氣丸 mùxiāng shùnqì wán
Neixiao Luoli Wan 内消漯厉丸 內消漯厲丸 nèixiāo luolì wán
Ningsou Wan Quiet Cough Teapills 宁嗽丸 寧嗽丸 níngsòu wán
Nuke Bazhen Wan Women's Precious Teapills 女科八珍丸 女科八珍丸 nǚkē bāzhēn wán
Pingchuan Pian 平喘片 平喘片 píngchuǎn piàn
Pingwei San Wan Calm Stomach Teapills 平胃散丸 平胃散丸 píng wèi sǎn wán
Puji Xiaodu Yin Wan Universal Benefit Teapills 普济消毒饮丸 普濟消毒飲丸 pǔjì xiāodú yǐn wán
Qibao Meiran Dan Wan Seven Treasures For Beautiful Hair Teapills 七宝美髯丹丸 七寶美髯丹丸 qībǎo měirán dān wán
Qiguanyan Wan 气管炎丸 氣管炎丸 qìguǎnyán wán
Qiju Dihuang Wan Lycii Chrysanthemum Teapills 杞菊地黄丸 杞菊地黃丸 qǐjú dìhuáng wán
Qiyelian 七叶莲 七葉蓮 qīyèlián
Qianjin Zhidai Wan Chien Chin Chih Tai Wan 千金止带丸 千金止帶丸 qiānjīn zhǐdài wán
Qingfei Yihuo Wan Ching Fei Yi Huo Wan 清肺抑火丸 清肺抑火丸 qīngfèi yìhuǒ wán
Qinggu Wan Cool Bones Teapills 清骨丸 清骨丸 qīnggǔ wán
Qingqi Huatan Wan Clean Air Teapills 清气化痰丸 清氣化痰丸 qīngqì huàtán wán
Qingwei San Wan 清胃散丸 清胃散丸 qīngwèi sǎn wán
Renshen Baidu Wan Resilient Warrior Teapills 人参败毒丸 人參敗毒丸 rénshēn bàidú wán
San Bi Wan 三痹丸 三痹丸 sān bì wán
San Miao Wan Three Marvel Pill 三妙丸 三妙丸 sān miáo wán
Sang Ju Yin Wan Clear Wind Heat Teapills 桑菊饮丸 桑菊飲丸 sāng jú yǐn wán
Sangpiaoxiao Wan Mantis Cradle Teapills 桑螵蛸丸 桑螵蛸丸 sāngpiāoxiāo wán
Shashen Maimendong Wan Autumn Rain Teapills 沙参麦门冬丸 沙參麥門冬丸 shāshēn màiméndōng wán
Shaofu Zhuyu Wan Stasis In The Lower Palace Teapills 少俯逐瘀丸 少俯逐瘀丸 shǎofǔ zhúyū wán
Shaoyao Gancao Wan Peony & Licorice Teapills 芍药甘草丸 芍藥甘草丸 sháoyào gāncǎo wán
Shenling Baizhu Pian 参苓白术片 參苓白術片 shēnlíng báizhú piàn
Shenqi Dabu Wan 参耆大补丸 參耆大補丸 shēnqí dàbǔ wán
Shenqi Wuweizi Wan 参耆五味子丸 參耆五味子丸 shēnqí wǔwèizǐ wán
Shen Tong Zhu Yu Wan Great Invigorator Teapills 身痛逐瘀丸 身痛逐瘀丸 shēn tòng zhú yū wán
Sheng Hua Tang 生化汤 生化湯 shēng huà tāng
Shengmai Wan Great Pulse Teapills 生脉丸 生脈丸 shēngmài wán
Shi Quan Da Bu Wan Ten Flavor Teapills 十全大补丸 十全大補丸 shíquán dàbǔ wán
Shihu Yeguang Wan 石斛夜光丸 石斛夜光丸 shíhú yèguāng wán
Shouwu Wan 首乌丸 首烏丸 shǒuwū wán
Shou Wu Zhi Shou Wu Essence 首乌汁 首烏汁 shǒu wū zhī
Shu Gan Wan Soothe Liver Teapills 舒肝丸 舒肝丸 shū gān wán
Sijunzi Tang Wan Four Gentlemen Teapills 四君子汤丸 四君子湯丸 sìjūnzǐ tāng wán
Simiao Wan Four Marvel Teapills 四妙丸 四妙丸 sìmiào wán
Sini San Wan Four Pillars Teapills 四逆散丸 四逆散丸 sìnì sǎn wán
Siwu Tang Wan Four Substances For Women 四物汤丸 四物湯丸 sìwù tāng wán
Suanzaoren Tang Pian 酸枣仁汤片 酸棗仁湯片 suānzǎorén tāng piàn
Taohong Siwu Tang Wan 桃红四物汤丸 桃紅四物湯丸 táohóng sìwù tāng wán
Taoren Wan / Runchang Wan Peach Kernel Teapills 桃仁丸 / 润肠丸 桃仁丸 / 潤腸丸 táorén wán / rùncháng wán
Tianma Gouteng Yin Wan 天麻勾藤饮丸 天麻勾藤飲丸 tiānmá gōuténg yǐn wán
Tianma Mihuan Su 天麻蜜环素 天麻蜜環素 tiānmá mìhuán sù
Tianma Wan 天麻丸 天麻丸 tiānmá wán
Tianqi Duzhong Wan 田七杜仲丸 田七杜仲丸 tiánqī dùzhòng wán
Tianqi Wan 田七丸 田七丸 tiánqī wán
Tiantai Wuyao Wan Lindera Combination Teapills 天台乌药丸 天臺烏藥丸 tiāntái wūyào wán
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan Emperor's Teapills 天王补心丹 天王補心丹 tiānwáng bǔxīn dān
Tongjing Wan 痛经丸 痛經丸 tòngjīng wán
Tongqiao Huoxue Wan 通窍活血丸 通竅活血丸 tōngqiào huóxuè wán
Tongshun Wan 通顺丸 通順丸 tōngshùn wán
Tongxie Yaofang Wan Calm Wind Teapills 痛泻要方丸 痛瀉要方丸 tòngxiè yàofāng wán
Wendan Tang Wan Rising Courage Teapills 温胆汤丸 溫膽湯丸 wēndǎn tāng wán
Wenjing Tang Wan Warm Cycle Teapills 温经汤丸 溫經湯丸 wēnjīng tāng wán
Wuji Baifeng Wan[6] Wuchi Paifeng Wan 乌鸡白凤丸 烏雞白鳳丸 wūjī báifèng wán
Wuling San Wan 五苓散丸 五苓散丸 wǔlíng sǎn wán
Wupi Yin Wan Five Peel Teapills 五皮饮丸 五皮飲丸 wǔpí yǐn wán
Wuren Wan Five Seed Teapills 五仁丸 五仁丸 wǔrén wán
Wuwei Xiaodu Wan Five Flavor Teapills 五味消毒丸 五味消毒丸 wǔwèi xiāodú wán
Wuzi Yanzong Wan Five Ancestors Teapills 五子衍宗丸 五子衍宗丸 wǔzǐ yǎnzōng wán
Xiangfu Wan 香附丸 香附丸 xiāngfù wán
Xianglian Wan Aucklandia & Coptis Teapills 香莲丸 香蓮丸 xiānglián wán
Xiangsha Liujun Wan Six Gentlemen Plus Teapills 香砂六君丸 香砂六君丸 xiāngshā liùjūn wán
Xiangsha Yangwei Wan 香砂养胃丸 香砂養胃丸 xiāngshā yǎngwèi wán
Xiaochaihu Tang Wan [2] Minor Bupleurum Decoction 小柴胡汤丸 小柴胡湯丸 xiǎocháihú tāng wán
Xiaofeng Wan Great Windkeeper Teapills 消风丸 消風丸 xiāofēng wán
Xiaohuoluo Dan Wan 小活络丹丸 小活絡丹丸 xiǎohuóluò dān wán
Xiaojianzhong Wan Minor Restore The Middle Teapills 小健中丸 小健中丸 xiǎojiànzhōng wán
Xiaoqinglong Wan Minor Blue Dragon Teapills 小青龙丸 小青龍丸 xiǎoqīnglóng wán
Xiao Yao Wan Free & Easy Wanderer Teapills 逍遥丸 逍遙丸 xiāo yáo wán
Xinyi Wan Magnolia Flower Teapills 辛夷丸 辛夷丸 xīnyí wán
Xuanbi Wan 宣痹丸 宣痹丸 xuānbì wán
Xuefu Zhuyu Tang Wan Stasis In The Mansion Of Blood Teapills 血府逐瘀汤丸 血府逐瘀湯丸 xuèfǔ zhúyū tāng wán
Yanhusuo Zhitong Wan Great Corydalis Teapills 延胡索止痛丸 延胡索止痛丸 yánhúsuǒ zhǐtòng wán
Yangrong Wan 养荣丸 養榮丸 yǎngróng wán
Yangying Wan 养营丸 養營丸 yǎngyíng wán
Yaotong Pian 腰痛片 腰痛片 yāotòng piàn
Yiguanjian Wan Linking Decoction Teapills 一贯煎丸 一貫煎丸 yīguànjiān wán
Yinqiao Jiedu Wan Yin Chiao Chieh Tu Wan 银翘解毒丸 銀翹解毒丸 yínqiáo jiědú wán
Yougui Wan Right Side Replenishing Teapills 右归丸 右歸丸 yòuguī wán
Yudai Wan 愈带丸 愈帶丸 yùdài wán
Yupingfeng San Wan Jade Screen Teapills 玉屏风散丸 玉屏風散丸 yùpíngfēng sǎn wán
Yuquan Wan Jade Spring Teapills 玉泉丸 玉泉丸 yùquán wán
Zhengan Xifeng Wan 镇肝息风丸 鎮肝息風丸 zhèngān xīfēng wán
Zhenwu Tang Wan True Warrior Teapills 真武汤丸 真武湯丸 zhēnwǔ tāng wán
Zhibai Dihuang Wan Eight Flavor Rehmannia Teapills 知柏地黄丸 知柏地黃丸 zhībǎi dìhuáng wán
Zhi Gancao Wan Pill of Honey-fried Liquorice Root 炙甘草丸 炙甘草丸 zhì gāncǎo wán
Zhong Gan Ling Pian Important Emotion and Spirit Pill 重感灵片 重感靈片 zhòng gǎn líng piàn
Zhongguo Tongxue Pian China Tung Hsueh Pills 中国通血片 中國通血片 zhōngguó tōngxuè piàn
Zhuifeng Tougu Wan Chui Feng Tou Gu Wan 追风透骨丸 追風透骨丸 zhuīfēng tòugǔ wán
Zi Sheng Wan Resources of Life Pill 资生丸 資生丸 zī shēng wán
Zuojin Wan Left Side Gold Pill 左金丸 左金丸 zuǒjīn wán
Zuogui Wan Bolus for Tonifying Kidney-yin 左归丸 左歸丸 zuǒguī wán

Notes

  1. ^ State Pharmacopoeia Commission of the PRC (2005). "Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China (Volume I)". Chemical Industry Press. ISBN 7117069821.
  2. ^ 百度百科. "龟苓膏 (Chinese)". http://baike.baidu.com/view/30128.htm. Retrieved 21 May 2009. 
  3. ^ Zuo Yanfu, Zhu Zhongbao, Huang Yuezhong, Tao Jinweng, Li Zhaoguo. "Science of Prescriptions", Publishing House of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2002. ISBN 7810106503.
  4. ^ http://webprod.hc-sc.gc.ca/lnhpd-bdpsnh/info.do?lang=eng&licence=80008922
  5. ^ Long Zhixian, Li Qingye, Liu Zhanwen. "Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine" (方剂学 fāngjì xué), Academy Press (学苑出版社 xuéyuàn chūbǎnshè), Beijing University of Traditional Medicine. 2005. ISBN 7507712702.
  6. ^ Beijing Digital Museum of TCM (http://www.tcm-china.info/zyg/bjlyd/trt/73783.shtml)

See also

External links


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