Clash cymbals

Clash cymbals

Clash cymbals or hand cymbals are cymbals played in identical pairs by holding one cymbal in each hand and striking the two together.

A pair of Sabian crash cymbals.

Contents

Terminology

The technical term clash cymbal is rarely used. In musical scores, clash cymbals are normally indicated as cymbals or sometimes simply C.C. If another type of cymbal, for example a suspended cymbal, is required in an orchestral score, then for historical reasons this is often indicated cymbals. Some composers and arrangers use the plural cymbals (or clash cymbals) to indicate clash cymbals, with the singular cymbal to indicate a suspended cymbal.

Composers will often mix crash cymbals and suspended cymbal on the same part. There are a number of techniques used to indicate which is desired. Whenever with stick or with mallet is written, a suspended cymbal is used. A return to clash cymbals can be specified with the Italian phrase a 2. Russian composers developed a notation to differentiate between clash and suspended cymbals in which a + (plus sign) is written over a note to be played on suspended cymbal and a ° (open circle) is written over a note to be played with clash cymbals.

Designers of various sound banks, such as the Garritan Personal Orchestra, distinguish between handheld and suspended cymbals by referring to the former as "Piatti cymbals", having already reserved the term "clash cymbal" for the latter. Since "piatti" is the Italian term for "cymbal", this may be an awkward, redundant term.[citation needed]

Technique

Playing clash cymbals

Marching Bands

Clash cymbals are conventionally played by a standing player. In a marching band context, the player prepares for the crash by holding the cymbals parallel a few inches apart, with the surfaces vertical, one at waist height and the other some distance above it. They are struck together by bringing the upper cymbal down and the lower up to meet in approximately the middle.

If only a single crash is to be played, the sounding cymbals are then both raised in a follow through and held vertical but no longer parallel, but instead in roughly the same plane with their concave surfaces facing the audience and held head high on either side of the player. This allows the cymbals to resonate freely. Alternatively, if another stroke is to follow, the cymbals are allowed to follow through only until they have reached the same heights as they started (but now vertically reversed), and are then ready in position for the next stroke.

For softer strokes, in preparation the cymbals are held not quite vertically but at a slight angle, but still parallel, and the upper cymbal is then allowed to fall towards the lower. The follow through is reduced or even omitted after softer strokes.

Because clash cymbals can be maneuvered like pom-poms or other handheld devices, cymbalists will often employ various feats of showmanship, such as spinning and flashing, striking cymbals between players, or creating visual designs. Some of these serve a functional purpose—waving cymbals after a grand stroke allows for the clash to resonate more clearly. Others are purely decorative—a cymbal line moving in quick pace during a field show can simulate airplanes or dragons.

Also, there are numerous techniques for playing cymbals, many of them very different from those listed above.

Orchestras and Wind Bands

In an orchestral or wind band context, the cymbals are held parallel a few inches apart at chest height. For piano crashes, the cymbals are held vertically, whereas for forte crashes, they are held almost horizontal, with the left cymbal on bottom. The left hand holds one cymbal stationary, while the right hand brings the other cymbal together, with the top (at soft dynamics) or left (at loud dynamics) edge hitting first, followed almost immediately by the other.

Other common techniques are to choke the sounding cymbals by bringing them together and then damping one or both against the body. A skilled player can produce elaborate rhythms by choking the cymbals well, and with fine cymbals can exercise precise control over both the loudness and the decay and apparent duration of each crash.

Less skilled players, children and cartoon characters are often seen playing cymbals by beating them together with a purely horizontal motion. This technique has even been used by some avant-garde composers, but generally produces poor control of the sound and risks damage to fine cymbals, which are not designed for such usage.

Weights, tones and sizes

The traditional four-cornered strap knot

In the orchestra, clash cymbals are normally matched pairs of clash cymbals. They are commonly found in three weights:

  • Francese, French, leggero or light, the lightest and thinnest.
  • Viennese, medio or medium.
  • Germanic, German, Wagnerian, pesante or heavy, the heaviest and thickest.

Pairs in all weights range in size from 14" to 22" diameter. The smallest and thickest tend to have the higher pitch, the thinner ones allow for greater expression, and the largest the greatest volume.

Clash cymbals are also used in military, stage and marching bands, percussion ensembles, theatrical performances, and in state and religious ceremonies. These range in size from those of orchestral cymbals all the way down to about 5" in diameter.

Straps and alternatives

Orchestral clash cymbals and most band cymbals have leather straps passed through the holes in their bells, leading to four tails which are knotted inside the bell, to allow the player to hold them. Marching bands in addition use leather pads between the outsides of the bells and the player's hands.

China type clash cymbals
Playing china type clash cymbals

Toy clash cymbals and some others have wooden or plastic handles instead. China type clash cymbals need no handles as the squared bells can be held quite securely without them, and are often joined by a cord through the holes in their bells which allows the player to release the bells after striking producing less damping and greater sustain, and to swing the cymbals producing doppler effects.

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Clash — means conflict . It may also refer to: Contents 1 Music 2 Video games 3 Film and television …   Wikipedia

  • clash — I. verb Etymology: imitative Date: circa 1500 intransitive verb 1. to make a clash < cymbals clashed > 2. to come into conflict < where ignorant armies clash by night Matthew Arnold >; also to be incompatible …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • clash´ing|ly — clash «klash», noun, verb. –n. 1. a loud, harsh sound like that of two things running into each other, of striking metal, or of bells rung together but not in tune: »He heard the clash of cymbals. 2. Figurative. a) strong disagreement or conflict …   Useful english dictionary

  • clash´er — clash «klash», noun, verb. –n. 1. a loud, harsh sound like that of two things running into each other, of striking metal, or of bells rung together but not in tune: »He heard the clash of cymbals. 2. Figurative. a) strong disagreement or conflict …   Useful english dictionary

  • clash — 1. noun 1) clashes between armed gangs Syn: confrontation, skirmish, fight, battle, engagement, encounter, conflict 2) an angry clash Syn: argument, altercation, confrontation, shouting match; …   Thesaurus of popular words

  • clash — clash1 [ klæʃ ] noun count ** ▸ 1 fight/battle ▸ 2 violent argument ▸ 3 between two teams ▸ 4 bad combination ▸ 5 sound of metal hitting ▸ 6 two things at same time ▸ 7 bad looking combination 1. ) MAINLY JOURNALISM a fight or battle between two… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • clash — I UK [klæʃ] / US noun [countable] Word forms clash : singular clash plural clashes ** 1) mainly journalism a fight or battle between two groups of people clash between: Yesterday saw violent clashes between police and protesters. 2) mainly… …   English dictionary

  • clash — clash1 [klæʃ] v [Date: 1500 1600; Origin: From the sound of sharp blows] 1.) if two armies, groups etc clash, they start fighting used in news reports ▪ Troops clashed near the border. clash with ▪ Police have clashed with demonstrators again… …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • clash — [[t]klæ̱ʃ[/t]] ♦♦♦ clashes, clashing, clashed 1) V RECIP When people clash, they fight, argue, or disagree with each other. [JOURNALISM] [V with n] A group of 400 demonstrators ripped down the state Parliament s front gate and clashed with police …   English dictionary

  • clash — 1. noun 1) clashes between armed gangs Syn: fight, battle, confrontation, skirmish, engagement, encounter, conflict 2) clashes in parliament Syn: argument, altercation, confrontation …   Synonyms and antonyms dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”