Wendell Meredith Stanley

Wendell Meredith Stanley

Infobox_Scientist
name = Wendell Meredith Stanley


image_size = 180px
birth_date = birth date|1904|8|16
birth_place = Ridgeville, Indiana, USA
death_date = death date and age|1971|6|15|1904|8|16
death_place = Salamanca, Spain
nationality = United States
field = Chemistry
alma_mater = Earlham College
doctoral_advisor =
doctoral_students =
work_institution = Rockefeller Institute
University of California, Berkeley
known_for =
prizes = Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1946)

Wendell Meredith Stanley (August 16, 1904 &ndash; June 15, 1971) was an American biochemist, virologist and Nobel prize laureate [cite journal | quotes = no | last=Colvig | first=R | authorlink= | year=1972 | month=Feb | title=Wendell M, STANLEY, PhD, (1905-1971) | journal=Cancer | volume=29 | issue=2 | pages=541–2 | pmid = 4552137 | doi=10.1002/1097-0142(197202)29:2<541::AID-CNCR2820290246>3.0.CO;2-T] .

Biography

Stanley was born in Ridgeville, Indiana, and earned a BS in Chemistry at Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana. He then studied at the University of Illinois, gaining an MS in science in 1927 followed by a Ph.D. in chemistry two years later. His later accomplishments include writing the book "Chemistry: A Beautiful Thing" and achieving his high stature as a Pulitzer Prize nominee.

Research

As a member of National Research Council he moved temporarily for academic work with Heinrich Wieland in Munich before he returned to the States in 1931. On return he was approved as an assistant at Rockefeller Institute, the post he held until 1948. He later became Professor of Biochemistry at University of California, Berkeley, and in 1958 Chairman of the Biochemistry Department.

Stanley's work contributed to on lepracidal compounds, diphenyl stereochemistry and the chemistry of the sterols. His researches on the virus causing the mosaic disease in tobacco plants led to the isolation of a nucleoprotein which displayed tobacco mosaic virus activity.

Stanley was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 1946. His other notable awards included the Rosenburger Medal, Alder Prize, Scott Award, and the AMA Scientific Achievement Award. He was also awarded honorary degrees by many universities both American and foreign, including Harvard, Yale, Princeton and the University of Paris. Most of the conclusions Stanley had presented in his Nobel-winning research were soon shown to be incorrect (in particular, that the crystals of mosaic virus he had isolated were pure protein, and assembled by autocatalysis). [cite journal | quotes = no | last=Pennazio | first=S | authorlink= | coauthors=Roggero P | year= | month= | title=The discovery of the chemical nature of tobacco mosaic virus | journal=Riv. Biol. | volume=93 | issue=2 | pages=253–81 | pmid = 11048483 ] [cite journal | quotes = no | last=Kay | first=L E | authorlink= | year=1986 | month=Sep | title=W. M. Stanley's crystallization of the tobacco mosaic virus, 1930-1940 | journal=Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences | volume=77 | issue=288 | pages=450–72 | | pmid = 3533840]

Personal life

Stanley married Marian Staples in 1929 and had three daughters (Marjorie, Dorothy and Janet), and a son, Wendell M. Junior. Stanley Hall at UC Berkeley (now Stanley Biosciences and Bioengineering Facility) and Stanley Hall at Earlham College are named in his honor.

References

External links

* Wendell's [http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1946/stanley-bio.html Nobel Foundation biography]
* Wendell's Nobel Lecture [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1946/stanley-lecture.html The Isolation and Properties of Crystalline Tobacco Mosaic Virus]
* [http://sciencematters.berkeley.edu/archives/volume1/issue2/legacy.php Wendell Meredith Stanley and the birth of biochemistry at UC Berkeley]


Nobel Prize in Chemistry Laureates 1926-1950


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  • Wendell Meredith Stanley — Wendell Meredith Stanley, 1961 Wendell Meredith Stanley (* 16. August 1904 in Ridgeville, Indiana; † 15. Juni 1971 in Salamanca, Spanien) war ein US amerikanischer Chemiker. Stanley gelang erstmals de …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Stanley,Wendell Meredith — Stanley, Wendell Meredith. 1904 1971. American biochemist. He shared a 1946 Nobel Prize for discovering methods of producing pure enzymes and virus proteins. * * * …   Universalium

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  • Stanley , Wendell Meredith — (1904–1971) American biochemist Stanley, who was born in Ridgeville, Indiana, gained his doctorate in chemistry from the University of Illinois in 1929 and then traveled to Munich to work on sterols. On his return to America he joined the… …   Scientists

  • Stanley, Wendell Meredith — born Aug. 16, 1904, Ridgeville, Ind., U.S. died June 15, 1971, Salamanca, Spain U.S. biochemist. He taught at the University of California at Berkeley from 1948 until his death. He is known for his work in the purification and crystallization of… …   Universalium

  • Wendell Stanley — Wendell Meredith Stanley Wendell Meredith Stanley (16 août 1904 15 juin 1971) était un biochimiste et virologue américain, lauréat en 1946 du prix Nobel de chimie. Stanley est né à Ridgeville dans l Indiana. Il effectue ses études de chimie à l… …   Wikipédia en Français

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