Hordenine

Hordenine
Hordenine
Identifiers
CAS number 3595-05-9
PubChem 68313
ChemSpider 61609 YesY
KEGG C06199 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:5764 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL505789 YesY
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula C10H15NO
Molar mass 165.23 g mol−1
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Hordenine (N,N-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenylethylamine) is a phenethylamine alkaloid with antibacterial and antibiotic properties. It stimulates the release of norepinephrine in mammals, working as a stimulant. It is produced in nature by several varieties of plants in the family Cactaceae and by some in Acacia.[1]

Occurrence in nature

Sprouting Hordeum vulgare (barley) seeds contain hordenine as the main alkaloid in their roots.[2]

Peyote (Lophophora williamsii), San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi), and Peruvian Torch cactus (Echinopsis peruviana) all produce high levels of this compound.[citation needed] These cacti also produce high levels of mescaline and other phenylethylamine compounds.

Cacti in the genus Ariocarpus, Opuntia, Pereskia, and Coryphantha also produce these alkaloids, though not in high concentrations.

Aztekium also contains it.

Hordenine exhibits an inhibitory action against at least 18 strains of penicillin resistant Staphylococcus bacteria.[3]

References


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