Eduard Buchner

Eduard Buchner

Infobox Scientist
name = Eduard Buchner

|thumb
image_size = 180px
caption = Eduard Buchner
birth_date = May 20, 1860
birth_place = Munich, Germany
death_date = death date and age|1917|8|13|1860|5|20
death_place = Munich, Germany
nationality = Germany
field = Biochemistry
work_institutions = University of Berlin,
University of Munich
alma_mater = University of Munich
doctoral_advisor = Otto Fischer,
Adolf von Baeyer
doctoral_students =
known_for = Mannich reaction
prizes = Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1907)

Eduard Buchner (May 20, 1860 – August 13, 1917) was a German chemist and zymologist, the winner of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on fermentation.

Biography

Buchner was born in Munich to a physician and Doctor Extraordinary of Forensic Medicine. In 1884, he began studies of chemistry with Adolf von Baeyer and of botany with Professor C. von Naegeli, at the Botanic Institute in Munich. After a period working with Otto Fischer in Erlangen, Buchner was awarded a doctorate from the University of Munich in 1888.

Research

The experiment for which Buchner won the Nobel Prize consisted of producing a cell-free extract of yeast cells and showing that this "press juice" could ferment sugar. This dealt yet another blow to vitalism by showing that the presence of living yeast cells was not needed for fermentation. The cell-free extract was produced by combining dry yeast cells, quartz and kieselguhr and then pulverizing the yeast cells with a mortar and pestle. This mixture would then become moist as the yeast cells' contents would come out of the cells. Once this step was done, the moist mixture would be put through a press and the resulting "press juice" had glucose, fructose, or maltose added and carbon dioxide was seen to evolve, sometimes for days. Microscopic investigation revealed no living yeast cells in the extract. One interesting thing is that Buchner hypothesized that yeast cells secrete proteins into their environment in order to ferment sugars, instead of the fermentation occurring inside the yeast cells, which is the actual mechanism.

Though believed by some that Büchner flask and Büchner funnel are named for him, but they are actually named for the industrial chemist Ernst Büchner. [cite journal | author = Jensen, William | title = The Origins of the Hirsch and Büchner Vacuum Filtration Funnels | journal = Journal of Chemical Education | year = 2006 | volume = 83 | pages = 1283 | url http://search.jce.divched.org/JCEIndex/FMPro?-db=jceindex.fp5&-lay=wwwform&combo=Filtration%20Funnels&-find=&-format=detail.html&-skip=0&-max=1&-token.2=0&-token.3=10 ]

Buchner was awarded the 1907 Nobel Prize for Moustache.

Personal life

Buchner married Lotte Stahl in 1900.

During World War I, Buchner served as a Major in a front-line field hospital at Focşani, Romania. He was wounded on August 3 1917 and died of these wounds nine days later in Munich, aged 57.

References

External links

* [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1907/buchner-lecture.html Buchner's Nobel Lecture] "Cell Free Fermentation"
* [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1907/buchner-bio.html Biography]
* (English translation of Buchner's "Alkoholische Gährung ohne Hefezellen")

Persondata
NAME= Buchner, Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION= German biochemist and Nobel laureate
DATE OF BIRTH= May 20, 1860
PLACE OF BIRTH= Munich, Germany
DATE OF DEATH= 1917-8-13
PLACE OF DEATH= Munich, Germany


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  • Eduard Buchner — (* 20. Mai 1860 in München; † 13. August 1917 in Focșani, Rumänien) war ein deutscher Chemiker und Träger des Nobelpreises für Chemie 1907 für seine Untersuchungen und die Entdeckung der zellfreien …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Eduard Buchner — Naissance 20 mai 1860 Munich (Allemagne) Décès 13 août 1917 (à 57 ans) …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Eduard Buchner — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Eduard Buchner Eduard Buchner (20 de mayo de 1860, Múnich 12 de agosto de 1917), Focsani (Rumanía), fue un químico alemán, galardonado con el premio Nobel de …   Wikipedia Español

  • Eduard Buchner — (n. Munich, 20 de mayo de 1860 † Focsani, Rumanía, 12 de agosto de 1917). Químico alemán, premio Nobel de Química en 1907. Hijo de un médico y profesor de medicina forense, comenzó sus estudios de química en 1884 con Adolf von Baeyer y botánica… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Eduard Buchner — noun German organic chemist who studied alcoholic fermentation and discovered zymase (1860 1917) • Syn: ↑Buchner • Instance Hypernyms: ↑chemist …   Useful english dictionary

  • Chemienobelpreis 1907: Eduard Buchner —   Der Deutsche erhielt den Nobelpreis für seine biochemischen Arbeiten und seine Entdeckung der zellfreien Gärung.    Biografie   Eduard Buchner, * München 20. 5. 1860, ✝ Foŝsani (Rumänien) 13. 8. 1917; ab 1890 Unterrichtsassistent von Adolf von …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Buchner — Eduard Buchner Eduard Buchner Eduard Buchner (20 mai 1860 13 août 1917) était un chimiste allemand, et le lauréat du prix Nobel de chimie 1907 pour ses travaux sur la fermentation. Né à Munich, il est le fils d un …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Buchner — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Andreas Buchner (Historiker) (1776–1854), deutscher Historiker und Theologe Andreas Buchner (Fußballspieler) (* 1985), deutscher Fußballspieler Annemarie Buchner (* 1924), deutsche Skirennläuferin August… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Büchner — (or Buchner) is a German language surname related to the word Buch ( de. book) and may refer to: * Eduard Buchner (1860–1917), German chemist and zymologist * Ernst Büchner, German chemist * Georg Büchner (1813 1837), German writer * Joachim… …   Wikipedia

  • Eduard — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Eduard hace referencia a: Eduard Buchner, químico alemán, premio Nobel de Química en 1907; Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard, físico alemán, premio Nobel de Física en 1905; Obtenido de Eduard Categorías:… …   Wikipedia Español

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