Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic

Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic

Infobox Former Country
conventional_long_name = Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic
common_name = Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic
continent = Asia
region = Azerbaijan
country = Azerbaijan
status=Unrecognized
year_start = 1993
year_end = 1993
date_start = June
date_end = August
event_end=
p1 = Azerbaijan
flag_p1 = Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg
s1 = Azerbaijan
flag_s1 = Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg





image_map_caption = Location of Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic in Azerbaijan
capital = Lankaran
government_type = Republic
title_leader = President
leader1 = Alikram Hummatov
year_leader1 = 1993

The Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic was a short-lived self-proclaimed autonomous republic in Azerbaijan, that lasted from June to August 1993. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/2733283.stm BBC News. Azerbaijan in a stir over political prisoner] ] It was located in extreme southeastern Azerbaijan, envisaging to consist in the 6 administrative districts of Azerbaijan around the regional capital city Lankaran: Lankaran, Lankaran rayon, Lerik, Astara, Masally and Yardymli. Historically the area had been a khanate, one of 15 historic Azerbaijani khanates.

The autonomous republic was proclaimed amid political turmoil in Azerbaijan, with the tacit support from Russia. In June 1993 a military rebellion against president Abulfaz Elchibey broke out under the leadership of Colonel Surat Huseynov. Colonel Alikram Hummatov (Alikram Gumbatov), the leader of the Talysh nationalists, seized power in the southern part of Azerbaijan and proclaimed the new republic in Lankaran, escalating violence. However, as the situation settled and Heydar Aliyev rose to power in Azerbaijan, the Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic, which failed to gain any significant public support, was swiftly suppressed.

Hummatov was arrested and initially received death sentence which was subsequently commuted to life imprisonment. In 2004 he was pardoned and released from custody under pressure from the Council of Europe. He was allowed to immigrate to Europe after making a public promise not to engage in politics. Gumbatov was expected to be released due to the amnesty proclaimed on Azerbaijan's International Solidarity Day (December 31, 2000). However this never happened. Today, a Talysh National Movement is still active, their aspiration being the restructuring of the Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic. However, those who were involved in proclamation of the autonomy say they always envisaged the autonomous republic as a constituent part of Azerbaijan.

TMAR should not be confused with Mughan Soviet Republic, a Bolshevik state, that existed in March-June 1919 in opposition to Musavatist Azerbaijani Government in Baku (see Azerbaijan Democratic Republic).

According to some, the Azerbaijani government has also implemented a policy of forceful integration of some minorities, including Talysh, Tat, Kurds and Lezgins. [Christina Bratt (EDT) Paulston, Donald Peckham, Linguistic Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe, Multilingual Matters. 1853594164, pg 106] However according to the Council of Europe: quotation|- Azerbaijan has made particularly commendable efforts in opening up the personal scope of application of the Framework Convention to a wide range of minorities. In Azerbaijan, the importance of the protection and promotion of cultures of national minorities is recognised and the long history of cultural diversity of the country is largely valued;
- The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and its consequences have considerably hampered efforts to implement the Framework Convention. Despite the general spirit of tolerance in Azerbaijan, the continued occupation of large parts of Azerbaijani territory and the displacement of a high number of people have caused tensions which have resulted in disconcerting manifestations of intolerance. It is to be hoped that a lasting and peaceful solution to the existing conflict will be found and that efforts to that effect will be accelerated. The eventual solution should protect the rights of all persons concerned, in conformity with the territorial integrity of the country and other principles of international law;
- Certain general human rights issues - including concerns as regards freedom of expression and the process of registration of non-governmental organisations - have an impact also on the protection of national minorities and need to be addressed by the authorities as a matter of priority;
- Despite certain positive legislative initiatives, there are a number of shortcomings in the legislation pertaining to the implementation of the Framework Convention. The 2002 Law on the State Language contains regrettable reductions in the legal guarantees relating to the protection of national minorities. These put at risk, for example, certain commendable practices in the field of electronic media. The process of amending the said law should be pursued further with a view to making it compatible with the Framework Convention;
- There is a need to couple the Law on the State Language with improved legal guarantees for the protection of national minorities in such fields as minority language education and use of minority languages in relations with administrative authorities, with a view to consolidating and expanding the positive practices that exist. Priority should be given to the adoption of a new law on the protection of national minorities, providing the necessary guarantees for the implementation of the relevant minority language standards;
- Azerbaijan should consider developing further the consultation structures for representatives of national minorities in order to improve their participation in decision-making. [ [https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=761919&BackColorInternet=9999CC&BackColorIntranet=&BackColorLogged=FDC864 Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers, Resolution ResCMN-2004-8] , on the implementation of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities by Azerbaijan, Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 13 July 2004 at the 893rd meeting of the Ministers Deputies.]

References

ee also

* Talysh Khanate
* Mughan Soviet Republic

External links

* [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/az_taly.html Flags of the World]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Talysh — may refer to:*Talysh people *Talysh language *Talysh Khanate *Talysh Mughan Autonomous Republic a self declared autonomy, which existed briefly in the south of Azerbaijan in 1993 *Talysh Mountains *Talış, Agsu, Azerbaijan *Talış, Hajigabul,… …   Wikipedia

  • Mughan (région) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Mughan. La plaine de Mughan (en turc ottoman : muğān, ﻣﻮﻏﺎﻥ[1], en azéri : Muğan) ou Moghan[2] …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Provisional Military Dictatorship of Mughan — The Provisional Military Dictatorship of Mughan was a British controlled anti communist short lived state founded in the Lankaran region on August 1, 1918. The Mughan government did not support independence of Azerbaijan and it was led by white… …   Wikipedia

  • List of Azerbaijan-related articles — Articles (arranged alphabetically) related to the Azerbaijan Republic include:#26 Baku Commissars 26 Commissars Memorial 1842 Baku earthquake 2000 Baku earthquakeA.az Abbasgulu Bakikhanov Abdulla Shaig Abdurahman Fatalibeyli Abülfaz Elçibay… …   Wikipedia

  • Lankaran — Infobox Settlement official name =Lənkəran native name = pushpin pushpin mapsize =300 subdivision type = Country subdivision name = flag|Azerbaijan subdivision type1 = City subdivision name1 =Lankaran leader title = leader name = established… …   Wikipedia

  • Ethnic minorities in Azerbaijan — This article focuses on ethnic minorities in the Republic of Azerbaijan.DemographicsAccording to the 1999 census, ethnic minorities in Azerbaijan represent 10% of the population, including Lezgins (the largest minority group, making up 2.2% of… …   Wikipedia

  • Lankaran Rayon — Lankaran (Lenkoran, Lənkəran) is a rayon of Azerbaijan. It surrounds but does not include the city of Lankaran, which is technically a separate administrative region.Archaeological excavations indicate that people have lived in the region since… …   Wikipedia

  • List of active autonomist and secessionist movements — This is a list of currently active autonomist and secessionist movements around the world. Entries on this list meet two criteria: they are active movements with living, active members, and they are seeking greater autonomy or self determination… …   Wikipedia

  • List of Iranic states and empires — The following is a list of Iranic states and empires. It includes both states and empires founded by the Iranian peoples and those that have been heavily affected by Iranian civilization or culture .Modern nations;Afghanistan;Iran;Tajikistan =De… …   Wikipedia

  • Movimientos independentistas a nivel mundial — Anexo:Movimientos independentistas a nivel mundial Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Ésta es una lista actual de movimientos independentistas, autonomistas y secesionistas alrededor del mundo. Para la confección de esta lista, se circunscribió en el… …   Wikipedia Español

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”