Pocomtuc

Pocomtuc
The central Connecticut River Valley (modern day), the main area of Pocomtuc settlement.

The Pocumtuck, also Pocomtuc or Deerfield Indians, were a Native American tribe formerly inhabiting western Massachusetts, especially around the confluence of the Deerfield and Connecticut Rivers in Franklin County. Their territory also included parts of Hampden and Hampshire County, as well as portions of Connecticut and Vermont. Their principal village, also known as Pocumtuck, was in the vicinity of current Deerfield, Massachusetts.[1] Their language, now extinct, was an R-dialect of the Algonquian language family, most likely related to the Wappinger and nearby Mahican tribes of the Hudson River Valley.[2]

Little is known about the Pocumtuck people, but it is believed they led a lifestyle similar to other tribes of New England. They would have engaged in semi-sedentary agriculture of maize, beans, and squash. They also hunted game and fished in the Connecticut River, which served as a major inland transportation route. The Pocumtuck were decimated by intertribal warfare with the powerful Mohawk, then based in present-day New York, and by smallpox epidemics after European contact. They had no immunity to the new disease and suffered high fatalities. In addition, they lost tribal members due to taking part in wars among the Dutch, English, and French, and their respective Native American allies.[3]

The Pocumtuck were originally allied with the Tunxis and Narragansett against Chief Uncas and the Pequots. All these tribes united against the English colonists in King Phillip's War.[2]

At the close of the war, many Pocumtuck, Nipmuc, and other tribes fled to Schaghticoke, on the Hudson River. They remained there until the outbreak of the Seven Years War in 1754, when most joined and merged into the Abenaki tribes at Saint-François-du-Lac, Quebec or moved further west.[4] Small bands remained in Massachusetts as late as the 19th century, but most fled north or lost their tribal identity through intermarriage with other tribes and settlers. Many of the present-day Abenaki of New Hampshire, Vermont, and Canada are of part-Pocumtuck ancestry.

Among the members of the Pocumtuck tribe was Chief Wawanotewat, better known as "Greylock". A famous warrior, he continued to lead bands into Massachusetts even after most of his followers had left the state. Mount Greylock, in the Berkshires is named after him.[5]

Villages associated with the Pocumtuck

References

  1. ^ Hodge, Frederick W. Handbook of North American Indians. Washington, DC.: Government Printing Press, 1910.
  2. ^ a b Swanton, John R. The Indian Tribes of North America, pp. 23-24. Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 145. Washington DC.: Government Printing Office, 1952.
  3. ^ Thomas, 1979.
  4. ^ Spady, James O'Neil. "As if in a Great Darkness: Native American Refugees of the Middle Connecticut River Valley in the Aftermath of King Phillip's War: 1677-1697," Historical Journal of Massachusetts, Vol. 23, no. 2 (Summer, 1995), 183-197.
  5. ^ Pocumtuck
  6. ^ De Forrest, John W. [1] "History of the Indians of Connecticut from the Earliest Known Period to 1850", Connecticut Historical Society, 1852, p. 219.
  7. ^ Tercentenary Commission of the State of Connecticut, "Tercentenary Pamphlet Series". Committee on Historical Publications, 1933, p. 27.

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Pocomtuc — La tribu Pocomtuc ou Pocumtuck était une tribu amérindienne vivant dans la région du Massachusetts au nord est des États Unis. Ils vivaient plus précisément près de la confluence entre la rivière Deerfield et le fleuve Connecticut mais certains… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pocomtuc — ▪ people       Algonquian speaking Indians who lived in what is now western Massachusetts and adjoining parts of Connecticut and Vermont in the United States. In 1600 they were estimated to number 1,200. Like other New England tribes they were… …   Universalium

  • Nipmuc — Total population 500+ Regions with significant populations Worcester County, Massachusetts …   Wikipedia

  • History of Massachusetts — Flag of Massachusetts Massachusetts was first colonized by principally English Europeans in the early 17th century, and became the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the 18th century. Prior to English colonization of the area, it was inhabited by a …   Wikipedia

  • 1675 — Year 1675 (MDCLXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10 day slower Julian calendar). Events of 1675 January June * January 5 Franco… …   Wikipedia

  • Enfield, Connecticut —   Town   Thompsonville Village of Enfield, Connecticut …   Wikipedia

  • Montague, Massachusetts —   Town   Town Hall, built in 1858 …   Wikipedia

  • Agawam, Massachusetts — Infobox Settlement official name = Agawam, Massachusetts nickname = motto = imagesize = image caption = image mapsize = 250px map caption = Location in Hampden County in Massachusetts mapsize1 = map caption1 = subdivision type = Country… …   Wikipedia

  • Westfield, Massachusetts — Infobox Settlement official name = Westfield, Massachusetts settlement type = City nickname = The Whip City motto = imagesize = 250px image caption = image mapsize = 250px map caption = Location in Hampden County in Massachusetts mapsize1 = map… …   Wikipedia

  • Northfield, Massachusetts —   Town   First Parish Church …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”