Symbols of Croatia

Symbols of Croatia

The national symbols of Croatia are flags, coat of arms, icons or cultural expressions that are emblematic, representative or otherwise characteristic of Croatia or Croatian culture.

Contents

Flags

Flag of Croatia.svg

Flag of Croatia. The red-white-blue tricolour has been used as the Croatian flag since 1848, and it was first officially used as an installation flag of ban Josip Jelačić. Red and white color come from Croatian coat of arms and the blue color comes from the Coat of arms of Dalmatia and Slavonia.

Presidential Flag of Croatia.svg Presidential Flag of the Republic of Croatia. In use since November 1, 1990.

Anthem

Lijepa naša domovino" ("Our Beautiful Homeland") is the national anthem of Croatia. Its opening words, "Lijepa naša" ("Our Beautiful"), are widely used as a metonym for Croatia.

The original lyrics were written by Antun Mihanović and first published under the title "Horvatska domovina" ("Croatian homeland") in 1835.

The complete song was first recorded and harmonized by Vatroslav Lichtenegger in 1861 in Zagreb, and it was first performed as the Croatian anthem in the same year, under the title "Lijepa naša".

Heraldry

Coat of arms of Croatia.svg The coat of arms of Croatia consists of one main shield and five smaller shields which form a crown over the main shield. The main coat of arms is a checkerboard (chequy) that consists of 13 red and 12 silver (white) fields. It is commonly known as šahovnica ("chessboard", from šah, "chess" in Croatian) or grb (literally coat of arms). The five smaller shields represent five different historical regions within Croatia. It is first recorded in 1495 in Innsbruck (Herzog-Friedrichstrasse 35) but the oldest source confirming the coat as an official symbol is a genealogy of the Habsburgs, dated from 1512 to 1518.

Flora and fauna

Dalmatian liver stacked.jpg The Dalmatian dog is a national animal of Croatia.
Iris croatica Botanicki vrt 1 080509.jpg The Iris croatica is the national flower of Croatia.
Quercus robur.jpg The Slavonian oak is the national tree of Croatia.

People

Saint Joseph with the Infant Jesus by Guido Reni, c 1635.jpg Saint Joseph is the patron saint of Croatia.

Unofficial symbols

Flag of the Republic of Croatia in 1990.svg Unofficial flag of the Croatian people. It can have two versions of the Croatian coat of arms - with the first white field or the first red field. It is usually seen in sport events as it is very popular among sport fans.
Hrvatski pleter.jpg The Croatian wattle, also known as the pleter or troplet, is an important pattern of medieval Croatian culture. The wattle is found in virtually all examples of Croatian culture of greater or lesser importance of the time. It is mainly found on and within churches built by the Croats between the 9th and 12th century as well as monasteries from that time.
Missale Romanum Glagolitice.jpg Croatian Glagolitic script, special square form of Glagolitic script developed in Croatia.
Poljički statut..jpg Croatian Cyrillic script, special form of Cyrillic script developed in Croatia.
Svetirok.tunnel.JPG Velebit is the largest though not the highest mountain range in Croatia. Its highest peak is the Vaganski Vrh at 1757 m. Velebit mountain range is famous for its fairies, the most celebrated called Velebitska Vila or Vila Velebita ("The Fairy of Velebit"). The Vila is described as being a good spirit, and is the patron of the Velebit mountain range, whose significance in Croatian culture has led to tales and songs of the Vila, the most popular one created in the 19th century titled Vila Velebita, which is still popular today.

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