Zincate

Zincate

In chemistry the term zincate may refer to

  • a salt containing Zn(OH)42−,also called the tetrahydroxozincate ion. It is an ore of Zinc. Examples include calcium zincate CaZn(OH)4.2H2O [1] or Na2Zn(OH)4[2] or the polymeric anion [Zn(OH)3] in for example NaZn(OH)3· H2O [3]
  • an alkali solution prepared from dissolving zinc metal, zinc hydroxide or zinc oxide which contains various anionic species such as Zn(OH)42−. Such solutions are used in the plating industry.
  • an oxide containing zinc and a less electronegative element e.g. Na2ZnO2,[4](see -ate complex).
  • a commercially available zinc supplement formulated as zinc sulfate.

Contents

Zincate - plating processes

In industry it can refer to the alkaline solutions used in a dipping (immersion) process to plate aluminium with zinc prior to electrolytic or electroless nickel plating. This immersion process is electroless (i.e. not electroplating) and involves the displacement of zinc from zincate by aluminum:[5]

3 Zn(OH)42− + 2 Al → 3 Zn + 2 Al(OH)4 + 4 OH

It can also refer to alkaline solutions used in electroplating of e.g. steel with zinc.[6]

Inorganic compound nomenclature

In the naming of inorganic compounds zincate is a suffix that indicates that a polyatomic anion contains a central zinc atom. Examples include tetrachlorozincate, ZnCl42−, the tetrahydroxozincate, Zn(OH)42− and tetranitratozincate, Zn(NO3)42−. More recent recommendations (2005), that are not widely used, would call the first two ions tetrachloridozincate(2−) and tetrahydroxidozincate(2−) respectively.

Zincates aqueous chemistry

It is now generally accepted that the ionic species in alkali solutions of ZnO or Zn(OH)2 contain Zn(OH)42−.[7] Earlier Raman studies had been interpreted as indicating the existence of linear ZnO22− ions.[8]

References

  1. ^ Sharma, Ram A. (1986). "Physico-Chemical Properties of Calcium Zincate". Journal of the Electrochemical Society 133: 2215. doi:10.1149/1.2108376. 
  2. ^ Stahl, R.; Niewa, R.; Jacobs, H. (1999). "Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Na2Zn(OH)4". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 625: 48. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3749(199901)625:1<48::AID-ZAAC48>3.0.CO;2-L. 
  3. ^ R. Stahl, H. Jacobs (1998). "Synthese und Kristallstruktur von NaZn(OH)3· H2O und NaZn(OH)3". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 624 (1): 25–29. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3749(199801)624:1<25::AID-ZAAC25>3.0.CO;2-8. 
  4. ^ D. Trinschek, M. Jansen (1996). "Na2ZnO2, ein neues Natriumzinkat". Z. Naturforsch. 51 b: 711–4. 
  5. ^ Glenn O. Mallory, Juan B. Hajdu (1990), Electroless Plating: Fundamentals and Applications, American Electroplaters and Surface Finishers Society, , William Andrew Inc., ISBN 0936569077
  6. ^ Porter, Frank C. (1991). Zinc Handbook. CRC Press. ISBN 9780824783402. http://books.google.com/?id=laACw9i0D_wC. 
  7. ^ Kaumudi I. Pandya; Andrea E. Russell; J. Mc Breen; W. E. O' Grady (1995). "EXAFS Investigations of Zn(II) in Concentrated Aqueous Hydroxide Solutions". The Journal of Physical Chemistry 99: 11967. doi:10.1021/j100031a026. 
  8. ^ Sharma, Shiv Kumar (1973). "Raman study of aqueous zinc oxide-alkali metal hydroxide system". The Journal of Chemical Physics 58: 1626. doi:10.1063/1.1679405. 

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  • zincate electrolyte — cinkatinis elektrolitas statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Šarminis cinko druskų tirpalas, naudojamas galvanostegijoje. atitikmenys: angl. zincate electrolyte rus. цинкатный электролит …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • zincate — /zing kayt/, n. Chem. a salt derived from H2ZnO2, the acid form of amphoteric zinc hydroxide. [1870 75; ZINC + ATE2] * * * …   Universalium

  • zincate — noun any salt formally derived from zinc oxide or hydroxide by combination with a more electropositive element …   Wiktionary

  • zincate — zinc·ate …   English syllables

  • zincate — zinc•ate [[t]ˈzɪŋ keɪt[/t]] n. chem. a salt derived from H2ZnO2, the acid form of amphoteric zinc hydroxide • Etymology: 1870–75 …   From formal English to slang

  • zincate — /ˈzɪŋkeɪt/ (say zingkayt) noun a salt formed from anions such as Zn(OH)4– or Zn(OH)3 . {zinc + ate2} …  

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