Trifolium campestre

Trifolium campestre
Hop Trefoil
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Trifolium
Species: T. campestre
Binomial name
Trifolium campestre
Schreb.

Trifolium campestre, commonly known as Hop Trefoil and Low Hop Clover, is a species of clover native to Europe and western Asia, growing in most areas, but specifically thriving on dry, sandy grassland habitats, as well as in fields, woodland margins, roadsides, wastelands and cultivated land. The species name campestre means "of the fields".

It is a herbaceous biennial or annual plant, growing to 10-30 cm tall, with distinctive yellow flowerheads that superficially resemble Hop flowers. Each flowerhead is a cylindrical or spherical collection of 20-40 individual flowers. The flowers become brown upon aging and drying. The leaves are alternate and trifoliate, with three oblong or elliptical leaflets 4-10 mm long.

This species is very closely related to Large Hop Trefoil (Trifolium aureum).

Cultivation and uses

A Trifolium campestre flower in Newfoundland.

Hop trefoil is the third most important clover in agriculture because its foliage is good for feeding livestock and replenishing soil. It is not generally planted, but is considered a valuable herb when found growing in a pasture. It has become naturalised in North America, particularly in the west and south of the continent.

References

  • Ajilvsgi, Geyata. (2003). Wildflowers of Texas. Shearer Publishing, Fredericksburg, Texas. ISBN 0-940672-73-1.

External links


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  • Trifolium campestre — ID 85446 Symbol Key TRCA5 Common Name field clover Family Fabaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Introduced to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AK, AL, AR, CA, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Trifolium campestre var. minus — ID 85448 Symbol Key TRCAM Common Name N/A Family Fabaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Cultivated, or not in the U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution N/A Growth Habit N/A …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Trifolium campestre Schreb. — Symbol TRCA5 Common Name field clover Botanical Family Fabaceae …   Scientific plant list

  • Trifolium campestre Schreb. var. minus (W.D.J. Koch) Kozuharov — Symbol TRCAM Botanical Family Fabaceae …   Scientific plant list

  • Trifolium campestre Schreb. var. minus (W.D.J. Koch) Kozuharov — Symbol TRCAM Botanical Family Fabaceae …   Scientific plant list

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