Solid

Solid

"'Continuum mechanics

A solid object is in the states of matter characterized by resistance to deformation and changes of volume. At the microscopic scale, a solid has these properties :
* The atoms or molecules that compose the solid are packed closely together.
* These constituent elements have fixed positions in space relative to each other. This accounts for the solid's rigidity. In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. A crystal structure is composed of a unit cell, a set of atoms arranged in a particular way; which is periodically repeated in three dimensions on a lattice. The spacing between unit cells in various directions is called its lattice parameters. The symmetry properties of the crystal are embodied in its space group. A crystal's structure and symmetry play a role in determining many of its properties, such as cleavage, electronic band structure, and optical properties.
** If sufficient force is applied, either of these properties can be disrupted, causing permanent deformation.
* Because solids have thermal energy, their atoms vibrate. However, this movement is very small, and cannot be observed or felt under ordinary conditions.

The branch of physics that deals with solids is called solid-state physics, and is a type of condensed matter physics. Materials science is primarily concerned with properties of solids such as strength and phase transformations. It overlaps strongly with solid-state physics. Solid-state chemistry overlaps both of these fields, but is especially concerned with the synthesis of novel materials.

The lightest known solids are aerogels. The lightest aerogel produced has a density of 1.9 mg/cm³ or 1.9 kg/m³ (1/530 the density of water).Fact|date=July 2008


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  • Solid — Sol id (s[o^]l [i^]d), a. [L. solidus, probably akin to sollus whole, entire, Gr. ???: cf. F. solide. Cf. {Consolidate},{Soda}, {Solder}, {Soldier}, {Solemn}.] 1. Having the constituent parts so compact, or so firmly adhering, as to resist the… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • solid — [säl′id] adj. [ME solide < MFr < L solidus < sollus, whole: see SOLEMN] 1. tending to keep its form rather than to flow or spread out like a liquid or gas; relatively firm or compact 2. filled with matter throughout; not hollow 3. a)… …   English World dictionary

  • Solid — bezeichnet: Linksjugend solid, einen parteinahen Jugendverband der Partei Die Linke solid – die sozialistische Jugend, einen ehemaligen Jugendverband, der der PDS nahe stand Solid (Fürth), das Solarenergie Informations und Demonstrationszentrum… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Solid — Solid: Solid  фреймворк интеграции оборудования в KDE 4. SOLID  аббревиатура пяти основных принципов дизайна классов в объектно ориентированном проектировании. Solid студийный альбом группы U.D.O. (1997) …   Википедия

  • solid — (adj.) late 14c., from O.Fr. solide firm, dense, compact, from L. solidus firm, whole, entire (related to salvus safe ), from PIE root *sol whole (Cf. Gk. holos whole, L. salus health; see SAFE (Cf. safe) (adj.)). Slang …   Etymology dictionary

  • solid — [adj1] hard, dimensional brick wall*, close, compact, compacted, concentrated, concrete, consolidated, dense, firm, fixed, heavy, hefty, hulk, hunk, husky, massed, material, physical, rock, rocklike, rooted, secure, set, sound, stable, strong,… …   New thesaurus

  • Solid — Sol id, n. 1. A substance that is held in a fixed form by cohesion among its particles; a substance not fluid. [1913 Webster] 2. (Geom.) A magnitude which has length, breadth, and thickness; a part of space bounded on all sides. [1913 Webster]… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • solid — UK US /ˈsɒlɪd/ adjective ► of a good standard: »The bank has reported solid earnings for the year …   Financial and business terms

  • solid — solid[e]:1.⇨gediegen(1)–2.⇨haltbar(1)–3.⇨rechtschaffen–4.⇨anständig(1) solid 1.→fest 2.→gediegen 3.→rechtschaffen …   Das Wörterbuch der Synonyme

  • solid — ► ADJECTIVE (solider, solidest) 1) firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid. 2) strongly built or made. 3) not hollow or having spaces or gaps. 4) consisting of the same substance throughout. 5) (of time) continuous. 6) …   English terms dictionary

  • Solid — (v. lat.), 1) fest, im Gegensatz vom Flüssigen; 2) gediegen, gründlich, echt, zuverlässig, wahr, gültig; 3) rechtschaffen in der Denkungsart; 4) streng sittlich lebend; 5) in Handelsverhältnissen reell, bes. zu Lösung von Schuldverbindlichkeiten… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

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