Buchholz relay

Buchholz relay

In the field of electric power distribution and transmission, a Buchholz relay, also called a gas relay or a sudden pressure relay, is a safety device mounted on some oil-filled power transformers and reactors, equipped with an external overhead oil reservoir called a "conservator". The Buchholz Relay is used as a protective device sensitive to the effects of dielectric failure inside the equipment.

The relay has two different detection modes. On a slow accumulation of gas, due perhaps to slight overload, gas produced by decomposition of insulating oil accumulates in the top of the relay and forces the oil level down. A float operated switch in the relay is used to initiate an alarm signal. This same switch will also operate on low oil level, such as a slow oil leak.

If an arc forms, gas accumulation is rapid, and oil flows rapidly into the conservator. This flow of oil operates a switch attached to a vane located in the path of the moving oil. This switch normally will operate a circuit breaker to isolate the apparatus before the fault causes additional damage. Buchholz relays have a test port to allow the accumulated gas to be withdrawn for testing. Flammable gas found in the relay indicates some internal fault such as overheating or arcing, whereas air found in the relay may only indicate low oil level or a leak.

Buchholz relays have been applied to large power transformers at least since the 1940's. The relay was first developed by Max Buchholz (1875-1956) in 1921 [ http://www.transformerworld.co.uk/buchholz.htm Tutorial T5, retrieved 2008 July 16 ] .

Names like "beechwood relay" or "beech relay" are a sign of a botched translation from German manuals.

References

External links

* [http://www.paradoxecorporation.com/Productos/EMB/buchholzrelaysenglish.PDF Buchholz relay technical specifications from Electromotoren und Gerätebau Barleben GmbH] Contains a detailed description (in English) of the Buchholz detection principles and mechanisms

* Koncar A.k.a Rade Koncar , Buchholz relays , for power and distribution transformers. [http://www.koncar-nsp.hr/eng/prikaz.asp?txt_id=1732]

* [http://www.pbpowereng.co.uk/pdf/PBSIWeir_Mk10%20Buchholz.pdf Buchholz Relay]


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